Calendar Description
This Julian calendar is the simplest possible interpretation of the calendar introduced by Julius Caesar, amended by Augustus Caesar and using the Current Era (also known as Common Era or Christian Era) year count. This version is also known as Julian Astronomical calendar as it is the version generally used by astronomers. The year change is the 1st January, the year zero is included, years before year zero are given as negative. There is no attempt to allow for the irregular leap years that occurred when the calendar was first introduced.
Use Case
The Julian calendar has been used throughout Europe and the European colonies since its introduction by Julius Caesar, but in many different variants. In this form, some of its known uses are:
- Scotland, from 1 Jan 1600 to 2 Sep 1752.
- England and its overseas territories, from 1 Jan 1752 to 2 Sep 1752.
- Astronomers, for all dates before 31 Dec 1582 (Gregorian).
- In HistoryCal, it is the base calendar for many variants.
Definition
| Record | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| year | month | day | wday |
| Number | Name | Number of Days | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Common | Leap | ||
| 1 | January | 31 | 31 |
| 2 | February | 28 | 29 |
| 3 | March | 31 | 31 |
| 4 | April | 30 | 30 |
| 5 | May | 31 | 31 |
| 6 | June | 30 | 30 |
| 7 | July | 31 | 31 |
| 8 | August | 31 | 31 |
| 9 | September | 30 | 30 |
| 10 | October | 31 | 31 |
| 11 | November | 30 | 30 |
| 12 | December | 31 | 31 |
The Julian calendar is based on a solar year of 365.25 days. Days start at midnight.
The Record consists of three Fields named year,
month, and day and the Optional Field
wday. There are two types of years, a common year and a leap year,
which follow the repeating pattern of three common years then one leap year.
There are twelve months in a year numbered 1 to 12.
The number of days in a month varies between 28 and 31, and are numbered from 1,
as shown in the table opposite. This gives a total of 365 days in a common year and 366 in a leap year.
| j | year | month | day |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 1 | 1 |
| jdn | day |
|---|---|
| 1721424 |
Script
| Default Script |
|---|
| lexicon m { name "Month names"; fieldname month; lang en; pseudo Month, Mon; tokens { 1, "January", "Jan"; 2, "February", "Feb"; 3, "March", "Mar"; 4, "April", "Apr"; 5, "May"; 6, "June", "Jun"; 7, "July", "Jul"; 8, "August", "Aug"; 9, "September", "Sep"; 10, "October", "Oct"; 11, "November", "Nov"; 12, "December", "Dec"; } } grammar j { optional wday; lexicons m, w; alias field { WDay, wday; Day, day; Month, month; Year, year; } alias pseudo { w, WDay; dd, Day; mm, Month; yyyy, Year; } alias unit { d, day; m, month; y, year; wd, wday; w, week; } format dmy, "(Day) |(Month:m:a) |(Year)"; format wdmy, "(WDay:w:a) |(Day) |(Month:m:a) |(Year)"; format out { output "(Day::os) |(Month:m) |(Year)"; } format full { output "(WDay:w) |(Day::os) |(Month:m) |(Year)"; } format "dmy+", "(Day) |(Month:m) |(Year)"; format "wdmy+", "(WDay:w) |(Day) |(Month:m) |(Year)"; format mdy, "(Month:m:a) |(Day), |(Year)"; format ymd, "(Year)|:(Month:m:a)|:(Day)"; pref dmy; } scheme j { name "Julian"; base julian; grammar j; } |
The script makes use of the optional field wday
to output weekdays and is thus requires the 7 Day Week lexicon "w".
